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Diabetes Testing: Tests for diabetes mellitus, diabetes symptoms, types of diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes and type 1 diabetes EXACTLY,
what is diabetes? Classic
Observed Symptoms What goes
wrong to cause diabetes? All simple sugars get converted to glucose. Glucose is the format that cells demand it be converted to so that the cells can use it for normal physiologic functions. Sugar is first absorbed from the intestinal tract into the blood stream and transported throughout the body where it is used to provide energy. Any excess is stored by the body as fat for future use. To enter a cell, sugar MUST cross the cell membrane. The hormone Insulin, manufactured by the pancreas is responsible for a series of actions that assist the glucose molecule to get passed the cell membrane, into the cell where it is used. You could say that Insulin is the "Key Bearer" for glucose to get inside the cell. It basically gives glucose transport rights into the cell where is can provide vital energy for that cell. When we eat the pancreas automatically produces the right amount of insulin to move the glucose from the blood into the cells. In people with diabetes either the pancreas produces little or no insulin. Eventually, the build up of sugar in the blood begins to race through the kidneys and into bladder to be passed out of the body in the form of urine. The end result of this fail process is that the cells are no longer getting it's required fuel for energy. consequently, if the cells do not get energy... you will tend to feel tired and run down for no apparent reason. Diabetes left untreated to create very detrimental systemic changes within your body all due to deranged metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins leading to chronic long-term complications such as accelerated vascular disease, changes in nerve tissue, kidney and eye tissues, resulting in organ specific degenerative processes.
Types of Diabetes Diabetes refers to a set of several different diseases The most common types of diabetes are Type I - diabetes mellitus, which is called insulin-dependent. Next is Type II - diabetes mellitus, which is coined as non-insulin-dependent. The third kind is gestational diabetes mellitus, which occurs during some pregnancies. About ½ of all cases of Type I diabetes appears in childhood or early in the teenage years. For this reason it used to be called juvenile-onset diabetes. If your symptoms first appeared during the early teenage years, your doctor probably suspected diabetes right away. As a matter of fact, if you were a child when the disease developed, it might have occurred so fast that you went into a coma before anyone suspected diabetes. Type II diabetes most often develops in adulthood and used to be called adult-onset diabetes. Usually it does not appear suddenly. Instead, you may have no noticeable symptoms on only mild symptoms for years before the diabetes is detected, perhaps during a routine exam or blood test. Gestational diabetes only appears in women with no previous history of Type I or Type II diabetes and goes away after pregnancy. People with Type II diabetes may also experience leg pain that may indicate nerve damage or poor circulation. Many people with Type I and some with Type II also find that they lose weight even though they are hungrier than usual and are eating more. Even if they have lost weight, people with Type II tend to be overweight. Three fourths of all people with Type II diabetes are or have been abase that means they are at least 20% over standardized height and weight target limits. Type II diabetes tends to develop in people who have extra body fat. Where you carry excess fat may determine whether you get Type II diabetes. Extra fat above the hips (central body obesity) is riskier than fat in the hips and thighs for developing Type II diabetes. Living the life of Mr. or Mrs. Couch Potato can also lead to diabetes it contributes to obesity. Diabetes affects nearly 16 million Americans, about one of every 17 people have the disease. Approximately 1,800 new cases of diabetes are diagnosed each day, with about 655,000 new cases each year. Statistics show that 90-95% of all cases of diabetes in people over the age of 20 are Type II diabetes. Half of all people with Type II are UNAWARE THEY EVEN HAVE THE DISEASE. Reported disease rate has catapulted by almost 50% in just the past 20 years. Due to the nature of Type II diabetes, it is possible to have mild symptoms (what you feel) or signs (what the doctor can detect) of Type II diabetes for years before it worsens to the point of becoming blatantly obvious that you have a serious problem at hand. In contrast, various cases of Type II diabetes go undetected for a long time. The symptoms of Type I diabetes are usually severe enough that the person goes to the doctor for help. Type I diabetes gets your attention FAST!
WHO HAS DIABETES Estimates put the number at roughly 7% of the U.S. population has diabetes. With Type I diabetes, approximately 750,000 people have it (though it is really hard to be exact with such number because there is no national registry for tracking the number of people who have it). Slightly under half of the people with Type I diabetes are children and teenagers, up to age 20 and younger. Type I diabetes is more common in Caucasians than African-Americans, Hispanic-Americans, Asian-Americans, and Native-Americans. Of Type II diabetes, nearly 11% of Americans between the ages of 65-74 have Type II diabetes. In Americans age 45-74, over 14% of Mexican Americans and Puerto Rican Americans have Type II diabetes. Over 10% of African Americans have Type II diabetes, and about 6% of Cuban Americans and Caucasians have Type II diabetes. Type II diabetes is even more common in Native Americans. In some groups, almost half of adults age 30-64 have Type II diabetes. Approximately 135,000 women develop gestational diabetes each year. Of these, about 40% get Type II diabetes within 15 years. Today, the problem has become so alarming in the number of new cases cited every year that our government is at the threshold if calling it an epidemic, especially among teenage and 20ish Americans. This also corresponds directly to the surge in obesity and inactivity of young Americans. CAUTION: Please read carefully. Diabetes is a life threatening disease and it is mandatory that a diabetic seek the advice and treatment of a qualified healthcare professional. TEST FOR DIABETES The random Plasma Glucose Test is the simplest test used to diagnose diabetes. This test measures the amount of glucose in the blood at any time and is done WITHOUT fasting. If the amount of glucose (or sugar) in your blood is 200 mg/dl or higher, your doctor will diagnose diabetes. Fasting Plasma Glucose Test This is where you would fast for 8-10 hours and then a sample of your blood is withdrawn and the amount of glucose present in the blood is measured. Normally, the amount of glucose in the blood is about 115mg/dl diabetes is diagnosed. Usually, doctors will make a final diagnosis of diabetes if 2 fasting plasma glucose tests are over 140mg/dl.
TREATMENT FOR DIABETES Long term problems will occur is diabetes is not properly controlled. Eye disease now the leading cause of blindness in the U.S., atherosclerosis, hardening of the arteries, which can lead to heart attack and strokes; loss of nerve functions, particularly in the lower extremities, which can lead to painless trauma, ulcerated infection, gangrene and amputation, and kidney disease, now the leading reason for dialysis. Other diabetic complications include those of the digestive system, impotence, female sexual disorders, dental and skin abnormalities, and psychological disorders. These complications can be prevented or severely reduced. This can be accomplished through improved, high quality lifestyle habits, such as a low fat diet, no smoking, high quality foods like raw fruits and vegetables, grains, and exercise. It is also recommended that you get these 6 tests regularly under the watchful eye of your doctor.
If you wait until symptoms occur, it will be too late. Any of the 6 tests above can give abnormal results before you have symptoms and that is the time to treat them. Its important to get phase test??? For yourself. The most important thing you can do to help prevent complications is to achieve good glucose control.
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